Eghtesadi, R. and Safavi, S. and Shahmirzayi, F. and Banafshe, H.R. and Omidi, S. and Ghaderi, A. (2019) A narrative review of thallium toxicity; preventive measures. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 11 (3). pp. 322-330.
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Abstract
Thallium (Tl) toxicity is an important clinical disease and its effects on the human body are devastating. Tl poisoning is an important health issue in many countries in the world. Thallium is a toxic heavy metal that exists in nature. Tl toxicity may occur in food and drinking water, occupational exposure, environment (air, industrial combustion of coal, water, and plants), arable soils and vegetables, aquatic and terrestrial animals, prenatal thallium exposure, illicit drugs, cigarette smokers. Adding lead to the opium is a recently health hazard that has been observed among opioid poisoned patients. The clinical manifestation of Tl poisoning has a wide spectrum but painful ascending peripheral neuropathy, gastrointestinal, and dermatologic manifestations are major characteristics in Tl toxicity. The toxicity of thallium based compounds is mainly caused by the similarity between TL ions and potassium ions, which results in the disorder of potassium associated metabolic processes due to thallium interference. The aim of this review is to assess identify eliminate, sources or control sources, and environmental exposures and hazards to prevent thallium toxicity. © 2019, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information: | cited By 0 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | coal; ferric ferrocyanide; heavy metal; illicit drug; potassium ion; thallium; water, air; Article; cigarette smoking; clinical feature; combustion; drug exposure; environmental exposure; food security; heavy metal poisoning; human; intoxication; nervous system; neurophysiological monitoring; nonhuman; oxidative stress; pathophysiology; pollution; prophylaxis; thallium toxicity; waste water |
| Subjects: | Physiology Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Medicine > Basic Sciences > Department of Pharmacology |
| Depositing User: | ART . editor |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Jan 2020 10:54 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Jan 2020 10:54 |
| URI: | http://eprints.kaums.ac.ir/id/eprint/4454 |
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